get-passive (informal)

👉 In speech, get + past participle often replaces be — especially for sudden events:

• He got fired last week.

• My bike got stolen last night.

• They got married in June.

👉 More colloquial than be-passive; common with negative surprises.

have/get something done

👉 When someone else does a service for you:

• I had my car repaired. (a mechanic did it)

• She gets her hair cut every month.

• We’re having the house painted.

👉 It can also mean something happened TO you: He had his wallet stolen.

Impersonal reporting

👉 For what "people say" — two patterns:

• It is said that he is rich. / It is believed that she is ill.

• He is said to be rich. / She is believed to be ill.

👉 Past events use to have + participle: She is thought to have left yesterday.

👉 Verbs: say, believe, think, expect, know, report, allege, claim.