Articles and determiners
Articles and determiners
A cat, the cat, cats. The + plural vs zero article, a/an rules, and quantifiers: few, little, many, much, all, both, each, every.
a / an / the / zero
a/an = one, non-specific: I saw a cat.
the = specific, already mentioned, unique: The cat was black.
zero = plural/uncountable general: Cats are independent. Water is essential.
👉 a before consonant sounds, an before vowel sounds: a university, an hour.
Quantifiers
few/a few + countable: There are few places left. (negative) / A few people came. (positive)
little/a little + uncountable: There’s little hope. / A little sugar.
many/much = questions & negatives; a lot of = affirmative.
all/both/each/every: All students passed. Both answers are right. Each student has a book. Every student passed.
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